Insomnia is a disorder characterized by at least one “nocturnal sleep symptom” and a daytime or “waking symptom” attributable to poor sleep. Our results suggest that the serum sodium level could serve as a prognostic factor in insomniacs patients with lower sodium levels require particular care. The lowest tertile of the serum sodium level was associated with a higher mortality rate in insomnia patients. However, the lowest tertile of the serum sodium level was not significantly associated with AKI. The lowest tertile of the serum sodium level and the AKI were associated with all-cause mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly higher mortality in patients in the lowest tertile for serum sodium. At the median follow-up of 49.4 months, 44 patients had died and 62 experienced acute kidney injury (AKI). Patients with lower serum sodium concentrations were older and had lower hemoglobin, calcium, phosphorus, and albumin levels. ResultsĪ total of 412 patients with insomnia were included, of whom 13.6% ( n = 56) had hyponatremia. To calculate the relative risk of death, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using Cox proportional hazard models. We divided participants into three groups according to initial serum sodium level: tertile 1 (< 138 mmol/L), tertile 2 (138.0–140.9 mmol/L), and tertile 3 (≥ 141.0 mmol/L). We retrospectively enrolled patients with a diagnosis of insomnia from January 2011 to December 2012. We explored whether lower serum sodium is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with insomnia. The association between lower serum sodium levels and the clinical outcomes of insomnia patients remains unclear.
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